Full Project – Simulated model of a drone system (UAV)

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.0 Background of Study

Drones have been around for years, and they are used for different purposes and can be of help in numerous occasions. However, these devices have become more popular in recent times and their application increases rapidly in various fields

The word “drone” has several different meanings and it origins from old English word drān, drǣn, which means ‘male bee’. When talking about a drone as an electric device, we thinking of missile or a remote-controlled pilotless aircraft.

So, what is a drone definition for this unmanned aerial vehicle? One of the most used definitions for drone is: “An unmanned aircraft or ship that can navigate autonomously, without human control or beyond the line of sight”. Another frequently used definition is: “Drone is any unmanned aircraft or ship that is guided remotely”. No doubt, drones are among the most advanced devices in today’s aeronautics, electronics and robotics alike.

Drones are technically called unmanned aerial vehicle as they are not operated by a pilot. This airborne crafts serve useful purposes in spying, military services and other related operations. Drones are often operated by a controlling person from the ground using a remote control or a computer.

Back in the day, the idea of drones seemed futuristic, from another world, and maybe a little scary. Now, it’s 2018 and drones are not only being used to take fun photos from the sky and assist our military, but they’re also the hottest toy on the market for kids young and old, and even being considered to expedite package delivery. Prices range anywhere from under a hundred dollars to thousands upon thousands of dollars, and they come in sizes everywhere from fitting into the palm of your hand to bigger than the average human being.

1.0.1 Motivation

This project created a platform to learn about the unmanned aerial vehicles such as a Quadcopter. This expands the scope of the electrical engineering education to include the control and the understanding of the mechanical components. The Quadcopter has many applications that we are interested to develop like mapping and video streaming especially in a disaster and dangerous area. It also open up the possibilities to broaden the understanding and applications of control systems, stabilization, artificial intelligence and GPS navigation as it applies to the Quadcopter

Quadcopter unmanned aerial vehicles are used for surveillance and reconnaissance by military and law enforcement agencies, as well as search and rescue missions in urban environments. The military use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has grown because of their ability to operate in dangerous locations while keeping their human operators at a safe distance. The larger UAVs also provide a reliable long duration, cost effective, platform for reconnaissance as well as weapons. They have grown to become an indispensable tool for the military. One such example is the Aeryon Scout, created by Canadian company Aeryon Labs which is a small UAV that can quietly hover in place and use a camera to observe people and objects on the ground.

In addition to the military uses of the small UAV, we were interested in evaluating applications in the commercial and industrial sector. Our premise was that if smaller and cheaper UAVs become readily available, new markets and uses will emerge. Potential new markets in commercial and industrial applications include inspecting pipelines or even inspecting dangerous areas like a meltdown site at a nuclear power plant. Disaster relief or crop assessment seems also to be likely areas where small UAVs could be useful. We were also motivated by on-campus uses such as monitoring parking or quick-look video of an incident, or monitoring hard to reach locations, or exploration of a collapsed building or other dangerous location.

1.1 Statement of Problem

There are quite some number of challenges facing the design and implementation of drone systems.

cost of materials required in building a drone.
Lack of free internet access for students to further their research.
Limited access to the school Lab.
No financial assistance to aid the student push further to the development of the drone.

1.2 Objective of the Study

The goal of our project is to design, implement, and test a simulatedmodel of a drone system (Quadcopter) that can be used to illustrate, stimulate, tutor and enlighten people about drones, the uses, where they can be deployed, function, parts and samples of different drones.

The simulated model of the drone had to meet the following specifications:

The simulated model must have pictures, video clips or simulated clips of a design implementation of a drone.
The simulated model must have all the functional unites of a drone system and all its functionality.
The simulated model must be Educating.

1.3 Need of Project

Personal Drones have been all the rage for the past few years, as toys, and primarily as new devices for capturing amazing aerial photography. As the technology has matured and become more mainstream, a number of practical and very interesting uses of Drone technology have emerged. In the past few months we have seen some amazing developments in the flying drone industry. Amazon has announced a service, which will deliver your orders right to your door, and 3D Robotics, a commercial drone maker, has received $36 million in funding. The future of drones flying around everywhere is coming closer and closer to us.

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