Full Project – Car fault diagnostic system

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

With the help of cars, movement from one place to another has been made easy especially for those who are always mobile in their jobs. Cars simplify our lives and make time to be more valuable as we can save more time using the car (Somo, 2005). At the same time, people who own cars definitely do not want to have a problem with their cars as the troubleshooting of a car can be a nightmare to them especially women. Some of those who own a car individually do not know how to deal with their cars whenever it has a problem. All they know is to start the engine, drag the clutch if it is not automatic, press the paddy and break when they needed to. An extremely worse situation is that most owners do not know how to fill the fuel tank, and that is not good. They are often helpless when something happens to their cars. All they can do at best is call the mechanic for help.

The proposed fault diagnosis system is hoped to help those who needed guides to deal with their cars problems. Although it might not give a complete guide and help as a human expert would, but at least the diagnosis system can give temporary assistance to those who are in needed of instant help as a result of the limitation of time.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

According to Pepper (2002), mechanics are those who can help dealing with problems of a car and troubleshooting. The use of a computer expert system is beneficial in different ways. It gives a temporary and instant guide to car owners in different situations like: When mechanic support is unavailable, When distance to mechanics location is far, When mechanics diagnosis wrongly.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The major aim of this project work is to develop fault diagnosis system for Volkswagen cars maintenance and troubleshooting that is capable of assisting car owners in dealing with their cars problems and troubleshooting them whenever time is limited, and the human experts also known as the mechanics are not available at that very time. The development of the system is important to humans especially those who own a car and to the system developer as well. Among others, the system will perform the following functions:

It will conclude its diagnosis based on the symptoms selected by the user.
It provides explanation, picture, why and fact facility.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The proposed system can help inexperienced mechanics or drivers in diagnosing the fault of the car.

In addition, the system has the following benefits:

It will help in the improvement of productivities it: Having this system will enable mechanics to do more work in less time.
Diagnosis system reduces the need for skilled mechanics: The repairs of a car require a high level of expertise. With this system, inexperienced mechanics can be guided to find the fault.
Diagnosis systems capture the knowledge of company experts who someday will retire, resign or die.
It train newly lived employees to solve problem the way experienced professionals do.
Diagnosis systems are not vulnerable to problems such as fatigue, emotion and overwork, all of which plaque human experts.
Diagnosis systems place expert knowledge into machine readable form, where it can be summoned at any time.
It gives consistent result.
The systems can complete some tasks quicker them a human.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The diagnosis system may contain certain limits and flaws, as it is only a prototype. We commonly know that a car has many parts on its body and even in the body itself. However, the system will only deal with problems that are normally or commonly found in the engine part of the car. The system will also deal with only some of Volkswagen car brands produced from the year 2000 till date.

1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Actuator: This is a device in a car that uses electricity to do sort of automated mechanical movement such as power door locks or a remote trunk opener.

Bearing: Is a mechanic element that constrains relative motion and reduces friction between moving parts to only the desire motion.

Car Sensor: This is a technological device that dictates or senses a signal or a physical condition in a car Wikipedia, (2001).

Car Diagnosis: Is the identification of the nature and causes of problem in a car.

Car Brain Box: This is an electronic device that incorporates microprocessors for the monitoring and control of various functions in a vehicle.

Connecting rod: This is a major link inside of a combustion engine that connects the piston to the crankshaft which is responsible for transferring power from the piston to the crankshaft and sending it to the transmission.

Crankshaft: A crankshaft is the part of engine that converts the force created by the engines piston that moves up and down.

Gasket: A gasket is a mechanical seal which fills the space between two mating surface generally to prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while under compression.

Hose: A hose is a flexible hollow tube designed to carry fluids from one location to another (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle).

Injector: This is an electronically controlled valve that is supplied with pressurized fuel by the fuel pump and when energized atomizes the fuel into a fine mist so that it can burn easily by the vehicles engine.

Nozzle: Is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (especially to increase velocity) as it exit (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe Wikipedia, (2006).

Piston: A piston is a cylindrical engine component that slides back and forth in the cylinder bore by forces produced during the combustion process.

Sump: Is the base of an internal combustion engine which serves as a reservation of oil for the lubrication system.

Valves: Are a mechanical device that controls the flow and pressure within a system or process.

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