Full Project – The support of cooperative societies to the economic development of Anambra state

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

In Anambra State, most inhabitants survive through agriculture and their main occupation is subsistence farming which attracted the interest of many co-operative societies both the old and new ones. Improving the agricultural production was their main target and at the same time lifting the level of it size and qualities. Most of the crop couldn’t grow well in order to produce as expected. The product that were several affected were yam tubers, cocoa yam, vegetable, cassava stem and tubers.

In the sixties, Anambra State economy had a mono-sectorial dependency on agriculture as the main source of earning, and also the main source of employment. Then we took one lead from this dependency on agriculture to a higher dependency on trade and white collar jobs. Anambra State agriculture is till completely preasentised, hoe, cutlass economy with a large number of small-scale holder producers. One can observe that Anambra State is still semi-substantial and their output from agriculture production can neither feed the fearing population nor provide essential raw material for the agro-based industries. The export of the state major cash crops which has in the past supported the economy has virtually stopped.

While a lot of observers dwell on the urgent need to reinitialize this sector, Omuma (1986) implied the adverse effects of no reinitialization of the agricultural sector noted that under such conditions, all it needed was famine and kwashiorkor to be evident in the village.

Furthermore, one wondered why it is taking the state so long despite its abundant land and know how to revitalize the agricultural sector and save the inhabitants of Anambra State who both underrated kwashiorkor stricken and undernourished. While emphasizing the importance of improving agriculture productions, through co-operatives. Igbo (1996) said, it is now on the government the dependence on the external sources of food, because it has ties their state independence to the uncertainties of ridiculed. According to Anambra State food journal (1991), agriculture was the back bone of the state’s economy development to thousands of Anambra State indigenes over 95% of the labour force, mostly from rural areas. Agriculture produces feeds for animals that provide proteins for man. All these made the government to organize these present farmers into agricultural co-operative with view of having massive food production in the country.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Cooperative movement all over the world has been considered or taken as both means and instrument of development whereby individual as group of people with common socio-economic come together to take and solve their common socio-economic problems. In our country today, source of statements have been made in newspapers and other news media by scholars advocating the use of cooperative societies for the development and improvements of standard of living of the rural people.

Meanwhile, many programmes have been launched by the federal government in support of this rural development, such as Agricultural Development Project (ADP), National Land Development Authority (NALDA), Directorate of Food, Roads and Rural Infrastructures (DFRRI), Better Life Programme (BLP), etc. Recently, the family support programme (FSP) which was launched by the federal government which aims at improving the life of the rural dwellers through the formation of co-operative movement. Co-operative movement spans through many aspects of our economic life such as production, consumption, distribution, thrift, savings and the provision of rural infrastructures.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Nigeria has embarked on various programmes and policies, costing hundreds of millions of naira aimed at reviving the depressed agricultural sector.

In view of this, agricultural co-operative was instituted so as to organize the small-scale farmer who are still involve in manual labour type of farming in co-operative and had failed to produce enough food for our teaming population thereby forcing the country to be involved in importation of large quantity of food with a huge percentage decline in agricultural export. All these government efforts have not actually had much significant improvement in this sector as much emphasis is now being placed on agriculture. This call for urgent reexamination of the role of these agricultural products, its aim of facilitating the attainment of self sufficient in agricultural and making agriculture to take its prime position in the national economy of this country.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The study is aimed at finding out the source of fund for achievement recorded, their problems and strategies for solving them.
The objectives also aim to assess the role of cooperative in the development of rural economy and also to know the source of their finance through determining the functions it perform and also to enlighten cooperative societies.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The research questions for the study were made up of the following:

What are the contributions of cooperative societies towards the increase on capital development?
What are the supports of cooperative towards the position of infrastructural facilities?
What are the contributions of cooperative towards output growth?
What are the various sources of finance for the cooperative societies in Anaocha local government area?
What are the various problems confronting cooperatives societies in Anaocha local government area?
What are the objective of the cooperative society?

1.5 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study no doubt is of immense benefits to the agricultural cooperative societies in Anaocha local government area. This is because attention shall be focused on the various problems affecting their effective performance. Secondly, the study brings to lime-light the hinder importance of cooperative societies, thus generating a greater degree of governance supports.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study covers role of agricultural cooperative societies and improvement of socio-economic status of their members of agricultural cooperative in Anaocha were the problems of that are faced by both the lending institutions and the farmers in granting and collection of credit and also problems of loan result and reason for defaults.

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The following factors were the limitations of the study:

LACK OF FINANCE: The main factor that can disorganize the effort in supporting cooperative was lack of finance. To take a wider study on the effective and efficient of cooperative society in Anaocha L.G.A, it requires a huge some of money which will enable the researcher of cooperators to improve effectively in their work.
INADEQUATE FARM MATERIALS: There were scarce and difficult to lay hand on especially for the equipment needed in the cooperative society farm for the improvement of food in the country.
LACK OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP AND QUALIFIED PERSONNEL: Since most of the leaders entrusted with the responsibility for managing cooperative societies have not been properly trained and exposed to modern management techniques, the unions have generally been operating under poor management, ineffective control and sometimes resulting to heavy financial losses.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Cooperative Societies: It is a registered association of persons who come together to better the economic condition of members.
Cooperative Finance: This is concerned with the supplies of fund for the operation and the running of cooperative activities.
Cooperative Inspectors: They are employed by government to take charge of supervision, the activities and programmes of primary and secondary societies in an area. They also organized seminars and collective data to acquaint cooperative with new ideas.
Economic Development: It is any activity likely to improve the standard of living of individuals and the society in general.
Marketing Cooperatives: These are cooperative established to make the agricultural produce of the members.
Productive Cooperative: This is the extreme of auxiliary cooperative joined together.

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