Full Project – INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NASARAWA STATE

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the study

Environment can be defined as a system within which living organisms interacts with the physical element while education environment is a learning place where the learner learn and interact with learning facilities in order to be socialized and face the challenges in the society. Agusiegbe (2004) sees environments as consisting of all elements existing around man and which exert some influence on him. These include physical, biological and social attributes. Environment can also be seen as aggregate of all the external condition and influence affecting the life and development of an organism.

In this study, environment includes all the external condition and influences in the school that affect the academic achievement of the student such as laboratory equipment, library facilities, qualified teachers, furniture, school building, good administrative management, teacher pupil relationship and school environment among others. Environment for the purpose of this work can be divided into two parts-home environment and school environment.

School environment includes the school building and the surrounding grounds such as noise, temperature and lighting as well as physical, biological or chemical agent, (Chiu 1991). School environment can then be seen to include material and human resources, a learning place which consist of the entire interaction. The learning environment is both the natural and provided setting where teaching and learning takes place. Maduewesi (1990) referred to teaching and learning environment as the setting physical and conceptual in which teaching and learning are carried out as deliberately planned. And to Okobia in Maduewesi (1990) learning environment means classroom surroundings, physical facilities in the classroom and teacher – pupil relationship.

The physical appearance and general condition of school physical facilities are the striking basis upon which many parents and friends of any educational institution make initial judgment about the quality of what goes on in the school. They are often turned off by dilapidated school blocks with sinking roofs and broken walls, bushy lawn and over grown hedges. Also are profane writings on walls, littered lawns and path ways. Finally, the school physical environment is like a mirror reflecting the image of a school and through it the public decide whether or not to associate with the particular school (Mgbodile 2004).

In Nigeria today, schools are closely associated with the communities. Most communities depend on the neighbourhood school for the provision of good and appropriate environment for accommodation, furniture and all form of equipment for certain activities like club or village meetings, wedding reception and church services. There is need for a well planned and organized educational environment enrichment because it fosters good interpersonal relationship.

Statement of the problem

The problem under study has to do with an unsatisfactory condition of the educational system being operated in Nigeria. The establishment of government schools/community schools has resulted in a situation where by some school were favoured in terms of the provision of rich environment than others. It has been very difficult if not impossible for government to standardize the school environment. Thus the environment varies from school to school.

Some schools have adequate school buildings, good library and suitable textbooks, good administrative management, professionally qualified teachers, good laboratory equipments as well as good environment. While in some schools little or none of these exist. It is because of this that Chike-Okoli (1997) in line with Ikediashi (2002) have pointed out that poor teaching experience, inadequate or poor physical infrastructure, unsatisfactory building design are likely to cause some physical discomfort for the students and are therefore bound to influence their academic achievement. The problem of this study put in a question form is: What is the influence of school facilities and equipment on the student performance in secondary schools in Nasarawa State?

Purpose of the study

The main purpose of the study is to determine the Influence of school environment on academic achievement of secondary school students in Nasarawa State.

Specifically the study intends to:

Investigate the extent the quality of the physical school environment with regard to school buildings affect the academic achievements of students of public secondary school in Nasarawa State.
Determine the extent the library services affects student performance in secondary schools in Nasarawa State.
Find out the extent school environment affect student’s academic achievement of public secondary schools.

Ascertain the extents the school facilities affect students

academic achievement of public secondary schools.

Significance of the study

The study will provide the school principals the opportunity to improve in school supervision so as to ensure both quality teaching and learning in the schools. It will enable them appreciate the contribution of school facilities and equipment on students academic achievement. The findings will enable the teachers to appreciate the need for proper instructional delivery. It will help the teacher to improve both in teaching effectiveness and increased productivity in the schools.

It will help the parents in determining the choice of the type of school for their children. This is because, their wards will enjoy good school learning environment that will lead to quality school products. Finally, it will be of benefit to the student researchers as it will provide a valid working document or literature in investigating other areas not covered by this study. Thus, it will serve as a point of reference to future researchers in the field.

Scope of the study

The study is delimited to the Influence of school environment on academic achievement of secondary school students in Nasarawa State . The content area covers school building, library services, school environment and school facilities.

Research questions

The following research questions will guide the study:

To what extent do the qualities of the physical school environment with regard to school building affect the academic achievements of students of public secondary schools?

To what extent do the library services affect the academic achievements of students of public secondary schools?

How does school environment affect academic achievements of students of public secondary schools?

To what extent do the school facilities affect students’ academic

performances of public secondary schools?

Hypotheses

Two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study and will be tested at 0.05 level of significant.

HO₁: There is no significant difference between the mean ratings of teachers in urban and those in rural school on the extent school building affect the performances of students of public secondary schools.

HO₂: Male and female teachers do not differ significantly in their mean ratings with regard to the extent school facilities affect students’ academic achievement.

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Full Project – INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NASARAWA STATE

Full Project – INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NASARAWA STATE

Full Project – INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NASARAWA STATE

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