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Full Project – FUNDING AND ACADEMIC LIBRARY SERVICE IN COLLEGE LIBRARIES IN CROSS RIVER STATE

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Table of Content

Abstract

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

1.2 Statement of the Problem

1.3 Objective of the Study

1.4 Research Questions

1.5 Research Hypothesis

1.6 Significance of the Study

1.7 Scope of the Study

1.8 Limitation of the Study

1.9 Definition of Terms

1.10 Organization of the Study

Chapter Two: Review of Literature

2.1 Conceptual Framework

2.2 Theoretical Framework

2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three: Research Methodology

3.1 Research Design

3.2 Population of the Study

3.3 Sample Size Determination

3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure

3.5 Research Instrument and Administration

3.6 Method of Data Collection

3.7 Method of Data Analysis

3.8 Validity of the Study

3.9 Reliability of the Study

3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four: Data Presentation and Analysis

4.1 Data Presentation

4.2 Analysis of Data

4.3 Answering Research Questions

4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Summary

5.2 Conclusion

5.3 Recommendation

References

APPENDIX

QUESTIONNAIRE

ABSTARCT

This study was carried out to examine funding and academic library service in college libraries in Cross River state. The study was specifically set to identify the source of funding libraries in schools with students who have special needs in north central Nigeria, ascertain how inadequate funding affect the provision of academic library service in college libraries in Cross River state, and identify the factors contributing to under-funding college libraries in Cross River state. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of librarians in Federal College of Education, Obudu, and Cross River State College of Education, Akampa. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 86 respondents and all were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables and percentage, while the hypotheses was tested using Chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals that the source of funding libraries in schools with students who have special needs in north central Nigeria includes the following; government subvention, Internally generated revenue (IGR), library development levy (LDL), TETfund, Public-Private Partnership, grants donation, and endowment fund. Furthermore, the study showed that inadequate funding affect the provision of academic library service in college libraries in Cross River state as it results to acute shortage of current and relevant collections, security issues, poor maintenance of library facilities, poor staff development, and Poor adoption of ICT facilities. The study recommends that academic institutions should organize appeal fund launchings for the purpose of developing their library services. This should involve important individuals, alumnus of the institutions and corporate bodies in the community. To mention but a few.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Of The Study

Fund is seen as the oil that keeps the wheels of every organisation running, libraries inclusive. When there is paucity of fund, it undermines the ability to acquire facilities or equipment that will lead to effective service delivery by librarians to their users. Such basic facilities as computers, software packages, Internet accessories, required for modern library service provision cannot be acquired when funds are not available. Funding is the act of providing financial resources, usually in the form of money or other values to finance a need, program, or project, usually by an organisation or company. The Librarian Registration Council of Nigeria (LRCN) (2013) organised a workshop at Enugu on grant proposal writing for librarians with the aim of equipping them write beautiful proposal grants for donor agencies to provide them with fund. However, it should not only be limited to this because there is the need to also build the consciousness in librarians to always face the reality that funds are not forthcoming. A library has to be well funded before all necessary information need could be procured.

Research has shown that, the current lower levels of proficiency in reading and learning are due to under-funding of libraries and their services (Dibu, 2013). Libraries are the cornerstone of civil society and of the liberal democracy we have come to cherish. We must not allow them to crumble into disuse. The goals of education cannot be achieved without emphasis on the proper and adequate funding of the libraries and that quality education is impossible without quality library in any given educational institutions (Umar, 2013). Adequate levels of funding are crucial to the success of a library in fulfilling its roles. Without suitable level of funding over the long-term, it is impossible to develop policies for service provision and make the most effective use of available resources. This can be seen in number of examples: A new library building without adequate funds to maintain it; collections of new books with no money for their replacement; and computer systems without funds to maintain and update them. Funding is required not only when a school library is established, but should also be sustained on an assured and regular basis.

Library funding is the act of providing or making available financial resources for use in developing and equipping the library, these funds are needed to provide library services, materials and development of human resources. In fact, funding has the capacity to bring about renewal, maintenance, and sustenance, nourishment, durability of school libraries. However, the library is invariably a part of a wider school and its budget is negotiated with its parent organization. The parent body is therefore the proprietor that takes full responsibility for its funding. Wikipedia, (2013) defined funding as a way of providing resources, usually in form of money or other value such as effort or time for a project, a person, a business, or any other private or public institutions.

Librarians have the capacity of influencing the lives of individuals and consciousness of the society through information provision. The Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP 2012) stated that, librarians are usually the link between information users and the information they require and therefore occupy a privileged position which carries responsibilities. In order for this privileged position not to be abused it is essential for librarians to perform their duties and responsibilities taking into cognizance that ethical standards must be maintained by effective service delivery to the users. The primary purpose of every library is to provide resources and services in a variety of media to meet the needs of individuals and groups for education, information and personal development including recreation and leisure. Libraries today, is a busy information Centre where information is packaged in various formats to the advantaged of the users, and the value of the library collection depends not only the quantity of information sources but on the effective way and means of providing and interpreting them to user. According to Akpan-Ataha (2013) for information to be at the disposal of everybody, there must be adequately equipped library and well-packaged information service delivery. This is because information has become the driving force behind the development of nations and proper service delivery has provided raw materials for socio-political and economic development.

Eskay and Chima (2013) asserted that Nigerian libraries experience limited financial resource towards funding of the information resource and services of students with special needs. Fund is needed to procure materials to all categories of people (challenged or unchallenged) and also for the maintenance of staff, facilities and services. Therefore, there is a compelling need to source for fund to meet the ever increasing demands of libraries in order to be relevant not only to their clientele but to the general public. Most libraries generate little or no fund internally. In school libraries with special needs under study, their main source of fund is from the State Government.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

There is no doubt that the Nigerian economy is not as developed and buoyant as those of the big industrialized countries. This underdeveloped economy, undoubtedly, affects the volume of funds available to manage libraries particularly the school libraries in the country. However, prudent management of available financial resources, efficient fund administration and fiscal discipline can help generate the funds required for library services in Nigerian educational institutions.

Libraries that are facing the difficulties in providing quality services to students or user in this information age that is characterised by stiff competition and survival are most likely to go into extinction.

Corroborating this submission, the researchers conducted a preliminary investigation which revealed that poor service to students is a common problem in Nigeria. In addition, poor funding of library for acquisition of needed resources and service have also been observed in schools. It is against this backdrop that the researchers deem it fit to carry out this study.

1.3 Objectives Of The Study

The main study objective is to examine funding and academic library service in college libraries in Cross River state. while the specific objectives of the study include;

Identify the source of funding libraries in schools with students who have special needs in north central Nigeria.
Ascertain how inadequate funding affect the provision of academic library service in college libraries in Cross River state.
Identify the factors contributing to under-funding college libraries in Cross River state.

1.4 Research Questions

The study will be guided by the following questions;

What are the source of funding libraries in schools with students who have special needs in north central Nigeria?
How does inadequate funding affect the provision of academic library service in college libraries in Cross River state?
What are the factors contributing to under-funding college libraries in Cross River state?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

Ho: There is no significant relationship between funding and the provision academic library service in college libraries.

Ha: There is a significant relationship between funding and the provision academic library service in college libraries.

1.6 Significance Of The Study

This study will be of great significance to the education sector as the findings of this study will show how beneficial funding is to the university libraries in Nigeria. It will also be beneficial to the administrators of college libraries as this study will reveal sources of alternative funding for their academic libraries.

Finally, this study will serve as an existing material for further research and future references.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study is structured to generally examine funding and academic library service in college libraries in Cross River states. The study will be carried out in selected college libraries in Cross River states.

1.8 Limitation Of The Study

Like in every human endeavour, the researcher encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection, which is why the researcher resorted to a limited choice of sample size. More so, the researcher simultaneously engaged in this study with other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.

1.9 Definition Of Terms

Library: A library is essentially a service-oriented institution, which serves the needs of its varied clientele.

Funding: The act of providing money for a particular purpose.

1.10 Organization Of The Study

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows. Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.

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