Full Project – An analysis of problems encountered by education students during teaching practice exercise

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CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

According to Dewey, he sees education as help in the formation of fundamental attitude of imagination, desires and thinking, which is strictly correlated with culture in its inclusiveness. In other words, Education can be seen as an instrument of transformation in the society which every nation has a strong believe in the effectiveness of education as a powerful instrument for national development.

Therefore, for teaching and learning to take place there must be teachers and the learners to be taught. So, the effective teaching can be done by trained person called the teacher.

In our society today, teaching is been handled properly by trained people (teachers) who are educationally and morally trained. These people called teachers perform their job effectively; they make sure they come to school before the students or pupils. The Teacher also establishes the role of hosting the students/pupils into the classroom, get them seated and start the day’s work.

During teaching, the teacher try as much as possible to interest the pupils in the subject he/she teaches, and this undoubtedly increases the desire or motivation on the part to struggle harder. Planning the teaching properly also helps the teacher to organize himself properly, and explain the topic clearly for easier understanding by the pupils.

1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Federal University Gusau, also known by the acronym FUGUS, located in Gusau Zamfara State, Nigeria was one of the last 6 proposed new universities in 2010.

The implementation of the first phase of the proposal started in February, 2011, with the establishment of nine Universities, while the second phase involving the remaining three universities including Federal University Gusau was established in 2013, with three faculties, Humanities and Education, Management and Social Science, and Faculty of Science. During the presidency of Good luck Jonathan with three faculties, Humanities and Education, management and social science, and Sciences. The faculty of education include science education department (which comprises of Bsc.ed.Biololgy, Bsc.ed.chemistry, Bsc.ed.physics, Bsc.ed.mathematics and Bsc.ed.economics) and department of foundation education (involving B.A.Arabic, B.A.English, B.A.Islamic, and B.A. Hausa) each with their respective Head of department.

In Federal University Gusau, teaching practice excercise is compulsory course for students both at 300 level and 400 level of Bachelor of Education programme (i.e After completing thier 200 level and 300l level of their undergraduate course). The teaching practice excercise is a 12 week programme which is a cooperative venture involving both the student-teachers and supervisors (usually academic staff of faculty of education). The Teaching practice is equivalent of industrial training in Engineering, Sciences, and other professions.

Teaching as a profession like any other profession has prescribed services it renders to any human society. It is therefore; absolutely necessary for many individuals who went to become a teacher to acquire skills and demands.

Students teaching practice is one of such relevant factors in teacher’s education program.

Teaching practice is an “integral part” of teacher education which occupies a phase of its own, during the phase, there will be teacher sent out by his training institution (of lower level). For the purpose of putting into practice the skills he has learnt under the supervision of an experienced teacher.

Every student teacher should be made to realize that only teacher who has passed both theory paper and compulsory practical training examination are considered trained and certified. No student teacher is considered fit the award of a pass grade in teaching unless he or she successfully fulfills the prescribed practice regarded as a core course of teacher education program, which affords student teachers the opportunity to face the realities of their professional career. The exercise enables the student teacher to adjust and overcome some of the practical problems of teaching often encountered in the classroom.

The student teacher who is able to examine a problem from a variety of perspective has the advantage of being in a position to use different approaches.

Furthermore, he is also likely to perceive himself as a factor in the problem under consideration.

The importance of teaching practice in teacher education programmed cannot be over emphasized. It is the crucial period the teacher put into practical, the student -teacher encountered a lot of difficulties (problems) which they have to grapple with for effective teaching learning to take place.

Moreover, In Federal University Gusau teaching practice is important to the student teachers understanding the appreciation of the principles of child growth and action to the teaching learning process. Accepting the assumption that not everybody can teach effectively and teachers are made, not born. It therefore follows that in Federal University Gusau, teachers can be aided to acquire practical knowledge, skill and attitude to good teaching.

In addition, Student Teaching Practice, is a practical teaching activity by which the student -teachers are given an opportunity in actual school situation to demonstrate and improve training in pedagogical skill over a period of time (Salawu and Adeoye, 2002).

Student Teaching Practice is a pre-service professional preparation for interested persons, aspiring to become teachers with a credible vision for sustainable human development (Oyekan, 2000).

Student Teaching Practice is a kind of apprenticeship stage during which the students are sent out to school to gain practical and professional experience by translating all the educational theories they have acquired or learnt during training into practice (Fagbulu, 1984).

Furthermore, the purpose of teaching practice is to provide the students with an opportunity to apply their pedagogical knowledge and skills in practice. Good teaching practice is a key influence on students learning.

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Teaching has it own problem which professional teachers try to overcome by teaching practice. Because the student is still practicing teaching, He /She is

Confronted by peculiar problems. And this problem might be from the students-teacher, from the Students or even from the staff of the School.

1.4 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is to find out the problems encountered by teaching practice student in Federal University Gusau during teaching practice exercise. How those constitute problems and consequences on student teacher. The student also tried to find the major threat that attempt to weaken this program.

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

DO we have challenges posed by the student teacher’s institution?
What are the personal challenges facing student teachers during teaching practice?
Do we have challenges posed to student teachers by pupils in the classroom?
Do we have problem associated with the school organization/management

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The benefits that could be derived from the outcome of this research work are as follows:

It could provide the student teachers with useful information on likely problems they are going to face during teaching practice and to make them prepared to overcome these problems.
It could make the student teacher to know what it takes to be a good teacher and function properly in a school environment.
It enables the supervision and teaching organizers to know the various problems student teachers face during teaching practice.
The state and Federal Ministries of Education would be aware of the problems student teachers encounter whenever they are out on teaching practice and this would enable them to provide lasting solutions to those problems.
Finally, all outcome of this research would increase the volume of literature for student teacher in Federal University Gusau.

1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study is restricted to the analysis of problems encountered by student teachers during teaching practice exercise. Teaching practice, as an exercise is included in the education program of all teachers producing institutions.

It therefore means that what obtain in one case is applicable in another case as far as problems of teaching practice are concerned. However, in obtaining the necessary data that aided the researcher final analysis and condition, the study was restricted to Federal University Gusau alone (particularly the faculty of education), where the researcher was able to tap information from students who have at one time or the other done teaching practice.

1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY:

There is no doubt that during the course of writing this project many limitations were faced some of them includes the following-:

Time factor: the time was a big constraints compared to the volume and quality of the work to be done.
Data collection: this process passed a lot of limitation to this work due to source of data mentioned may not be enough over the ones collected, were collected in a rigorous form.

Finance: this is also another limitation as a result of the fact that every stage of this work needed finance beginning from the first stage to the last stage.

Respondents: these are also limitation due to the preservation attitude of some people in releasing vital information.

1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS

The concepts are defined as they have been used in this work.

Teaching Practice: is a pre-service professional preparation for interested person, aspiring to become teachers with a credible vision for sustainable human development (Oyekan, 2000)

Student Teacher: A college student in a Teacher Training Institute, who went through required courses in the teacher education program before being assigned to a co-operating school for professional teaching experience.

Backward Children: They are those that are below average in their subject but they may be good in one or two subject their intelligence quotient is much more below 100

Extrovert: They are the noisy type of children their nurse grievances, they have no patience for work that needs thinking; they prefer activities that involve action.

Introvert: They are the quiet types who really don’t speak out their minds for people to know what they are thinking.

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