EFFECTIVENESS OF PRINCIPAL RECORD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENTS IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN FCT

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1  Background to the Study

The effectiveness of principal record management practices and their impact on the academic performance of students is a topic that has been extensively studied in the field of educational administration. According to a study by Oyedokun and Balogun (2017), there is a significant relationship between record management practices and the academic performance of students. The study, which was conducted in Nigeria, found that schools with effective record management systems had higher student performance compared to those with poor record management systems. The authors attributed this to the fact that good record management practices enable principals to make informed decisions based on accurate and timely information.

In a similar vein, a study by Mwangi and Mwathi (2015) in Kenya found that effective record management practices by school principals significantly contributed to improved student performance. The study found that schools with well-organized record management systems had better student performance in national examinations. The authors argued that effective record management practices provide a reliable basis for decision-making, planning, and evaluation of educational programs, which in turn, enhance student performance.

However, it is important to note that the relationship between principal record management practices and student performance is not always straightforward. A study by Njenga and Mwenda (2016) found that while there is a positive correlation between the two, other factors such as the socio-economic status of the students, the quality of teaching, and the school environment also play a significant role in determining student performance. This suggests that while effective record management practices are important, they are not the only determinant of student performance.

Despite the above findings, there are still gaps in the literature on this topic. For instance, most of the studies have been conducted in developing countries, and there is a lack of research on this topic in developed countries. Moreover, most of the studies have focused on the relationship between record management practices and student performance in national examinations, with little attention given to other aspects of student performance such as classroom participation and engagement.

Furthermore, while there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that effective principal record management practices can enhance student performance, more research is needed to fully understand this relationship. Future studies should consider other factors that may influence student performance and explore the impact of record management practices on other aspects of student performance.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The problem of ineffective principal record management practices in schools is a significant issue that has been observed to affect the academic performance of students. According to a study by Oyedokun and Balogun (2017), there is a direct correlation between the efficiency of record management and the overall performance of students. The researchers found that schools with poor record management practices often had students with lower academic performance compared to those with efficient record management systems.

The lack of proper record management practices can lead to a myriad of problems, including loss of important student data, miscommunication between school administrators, teachers, and students, and a general decrease in the efficiency of the school’s operations (Oyedokun & Balogun, 2017). These issues can, in turn, negatively affect the academic performance of students, as they may not receive the necessary support and resources needed for their academic success.

Another problem associated with poor record management practices is the inability to track students’ progress effectively. According to a study by Oluwaseun (2019), schools that do not have efficient record management systems often struggle with tracking the academic progress of their students. This lack of tracking can lead to students falling behind in their studies without the knowledge of their teachers or parents.

Furthermore, the lack of effective principal record management practices can also lead to a lack of accountability in schools. According to a study by Oluwaseun (2019), schools with poor record management practices often struggle with holding teachers and students accountable for their actions. This lack of accountability can, in turn, lead to a decrease in the overall academic performance of students.

The problem of ineffective principal record management practices is a significant issue that needs to be addressed. According to the literature, these practices have a direct impact on the academic performance of students. Therefore, it is crucial for schools to implement effective record management practices to ensure the academic success of their students (Oyedokun & Balogun, 2017; Oluwaseun, 2019).

1.3  Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to examine the effectiveness of principal record management practices and academic performance of the students in senior secondary schools in FCT. The specific objectives of the study are:

1. To examine principal record management practices in schools and their effectiveness.
2. To investigate the correlation between effective principal record management practices and the academic performance of students.
3. To identify potential gaps or weaknesses in existing principal record management practices.
4. To assess the perceptions and attitudes of both educators and students towards principal record management practices

1.4  Research Questions

The research questions are stated below:

1. What are the current principal record management practices in schools and how effective are they?
2. Is there a correlation between effective principal record management practices and the academic performance of students? If so, what is the nature of this correlation?
3. What are the potential gaps or weaknesses in existing principal record management practices in schools?
4. How do educators and students perceive principal record management practices and what are their attitudes towards them?

1.5   Research Hypothesis

The hypothetical statement of the study is buttressed below:

H_O:  Principal record management practices has no significant impact on the effectiveness of school.

H₁:  Principal record management practices has significant impact on the effectiveness of school

1.6  Significance of the Study

The study on the effectiveness of principal record management practices and academic performance of students is significant for several reasons. Firstly, it provides an understanding of how administrative practices, specifically record management, can impact the academic performance of students. Record management is a crucial aspect of school administration, as it involves the systematic control of records from their creation, through their active life, to their disposal. This includes student records, staff records, financial records, and more. The way these records are managed can directly or indirectly affect the learning environment and, consequently, student performance.

Secondly, the study can serve as a guide for school administrators, particularly principals, in improving their record management practices. By identifying the strengths and weaknesses of current practices, the study can provide recommendations on how to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. This could involve the adoption of new technologies, the implementation of new policies, or the provision of additional training for staff. Improved record management can lead to better decision-making, more efficient use of resources, and ultimately, improved student outcomes.

Thirdly, the study can contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of educational administration and management. Despite the importance of record management, it is an area that has been relatively under-researched. This study can fill this gap and provide a foundation for future research. It can also stimulate debate and discussion on the role of administrative practices in student performance, which can lead to new insights and ideas.

Fourthly, the study can have implications for policy-making. If the study finds a strong link between principal record management practices and student performance, it could influence the development of educational policies. Policymakers could use the findings to advocate for more resources for schools to improve their record management systems, or to introduce new standards or guidelines for record management in schools.

Fifthly, the study can benefit students themselves. If improved record management practices lead to better academic performance, students can enjoy better educational outcomes. This can open up more opportunities for them in terms of further education and employment. It can also contribute to their personal development and self-esteem.

Lastly, the study can have wider societal implications. Education is a key driver of social and economic development. By improving academic performance, we can produce a more educated workforce, which can lead to economic growth and social progress. Furthermore, by shedding light on the role of administrative practices in education, the study can contribute to the broader goal of improving the quality of education.

1.7  Scope of the Study

The study examines effectiveness of principal record management practices and academic performance of the students in senior secondary schools in FCT. The study is restricted to selected students in senior secondary schools in FCT, Abuja.

1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

1. Effectiveness: This refers to the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result. In the context of this study, it would refer to how well the principal record management practices are achieving their intended outcomes.
2. Principal: In the context of a school, a principal is the head of the school. They are responsible for the overall management of the school, including the academic and administrative aspects.
3. Record Management Practice: This refers to the systematic control of records throughout their life cycle – from their creation or receipt to their disposal or preservation. In a school setting, this could include student records, staff records, financial records, and more.
4. Academic Performance: This refers to how well a student is accomplishing their tasks and studies. It’s often measured by grades or GPA, but can also include other factors like participation in class, completion of assignments, and performance on tests.
5.  Student: A student is an individual who is enrolled in a school or other educational institution for learning. They are the primary stakeholders in the educational process
6. School: A school is an institution designed for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. It provides a structured environment where learning can take place.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF PRINCIPAL RECORD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENTS IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN FCT