Project Topic - DETERMINANT OF THE CHOICE OF ACCOUNTING AS A SUBJECT AMONG THE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS - AZ Research Consult (MBA MSc Dissertation/thesis Project Writer) Nigeria

Project Topic – DETERMINANT OF THE CHOICE OF ACCOUNTING AS A SUBJECT AMONG THE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

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ABSTRACT

The study examined “Determinant of the choice of accounting as a subject among the senior secondary school students”. The research design was a survey design. The population of the study comprised of all the schools within Yaba Local Government Area Lagos. The research used primary sources of data in the course of study. The data were collected via the use of questionnaire. A convenience sampling method was adopted in selecting sample for the study. One hundred and sixty-four questionnaire were administered to five selected schools in which one hundred and twenty-two was returned. Frequency tables was use to analyze the data while the hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistics. The findings further revealed that students performed better when they are in a conducive environment that encourages the learning of Accounting. It is recommended that maximum effort should be given to improve the students’ attitude towards Accounting.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Accounting subject in Nigeria’s current 6-3-3-4 educational structure is unique. It’s impossible to overstate the significance of accounting in an organization’s success throughout history. Teaching and studying accounting need to mirror the current corporate landscape. In other words, a course like this one encourages students to use their curiosity and creativity to pursue their own goals (such as becoming an accountant in the job market). It is expected that the curriculum and classroom practice provide students with the ability to explore various ideas in such a way that young school leavers can become self-reliant and also be able to engage themselves in functional trade/entrepreneurship skills needed to eradicate poverty, create jobs, and generate wealth. Students will benefit from this in the long run, both for themselves and for the rest of society. Almost universally, people acknowledge that they are immersed in a corporate environment. To a large extent, business and technology are essential to the long-term existence of a country. A company’s financial status may be conveyed via the use of accounting information, which is the process of documenting business transactions in a methodical manner.

At the high school level, students’ personal qualities as well as social values, the educational system, and socioeconomic indicators impact their ability to choose a course of study. Numerous pupils would dismiss mathematics and/or the Accounting subject as unimportant if not for the society’s insistence that all students learn these topics as part of their core curriculum. Math is horrible and learning a foreign language, like Accounting, is difficult, despite of the fact that English is the official language of the country. This is the basic explanation. However, these two disciplines are now required as part of the core curriculum. For this very evident reason, society adopts a National Policy on Education to state out its values and perceptions of education in the society. However, there are a few topics that are left as optional or professional options. It is up to the kids to choose these topics (either via guidance from school counselors or parental or peer pressure). Students may be forced to study specific topics by their parents or a peer group, although many take their ability and attitude into account.

There is a set of rules that govern the selection of subjects in schools, regardless of whether the school is located in an urban or rural region. It is impossible to ignore the impact of urbanization on individuals living in cities, but it is also important to remember that rural places have a similar effect. There may be parents in remote regions who aren’t convinced that financial accounting is a good career choice for their children, or students who aren’t aware of the obstacles and rewards of becoming an accountant may not pick it as a topic to study in college.

Igboke (2003) sees accounting as that which equips individual with knowledge of recording, analyzing, classifying and interpreting financial information as well as the pedagogy required in teaching the skills. Accounting is important to the economic and business financial world. Attitude can be described as a state of readiness, a tendency to act or react in a certain way. In general, it refers to a learned disposition or tendency on the part of individual to respond positively or negatively to a situation or another person. Oludipe (2005) citing Comb (2009) in Adetayo(2010) stated that attitude is a regulator of all behaviours and one’s behaviour according to Combs, at any given time are not causes but consequences of what is going on within the individual that is feelings and attitudes underlie external behaviours. It follows therefore, that if a student has a negative attitude towards a subject, the individual will have low level of confidence to study and achieve better in the subject. In order to study therefore, the individual needs to have a strong will and determination that he will succeed in it because a positive attitude towards a subject will build the required confidence for success in the individual. Accounting in general is linked with the development of any nation in the world. Accounting as a discipline, opens and shuts more doors for men and women than any other content area we have got (Bolaji, 2005).

Furthermore Hyde, Fennema, Ryan, Frost, and Hopp (1990) stated that most employers in Nigeria expect a job – seeking school leaver to have passed Accounting, Science and English language, among other subjects at ordinary level. This compulsory nature of Accounting carries with it the assumption that the knowledge of the subject is essential for all members of our society. In Nigeria, Accounting competence is a critical determinant of the Post-Secondary educational and career options available to young people (Barrow and Woods, 2006).

Affective factors such as attitudes also have profound impact on students’ Accounting achievement. Karp (2001) in a comparative study of factors influencing Accounting achievement found out that there is a direct link between students’ attitudes towards Accounting and student outcomes. Jaji (2002) supports this by propounding that resource shortage, teacher quality, poor teaching, repeated subject failure, peer influence, inadequacy of textbooks, cultural background and language also contribute to poor performance in Accounting.

Attitudes towards Accounting include liking, enjoying and interest in Accounting, or the opposite, and at worst Accounting phobia (Ernest, 1989). This means that the students have to like Accounting, enjoy the activities performed in Accounting and have interest at heart for Accounting. On the other hand, attitudes play an important role on students’ Accounting achievement. Those who lack confidence in Accounting academic skills envision a low grade before the beginning of an examination (Adesokan, (2002).

1.2 Statement of the Problems

The attitudes of students toward every given subject such as learning of Accounting may differ from one person to another. However such attitude may be influenced by several determinant such as teachers, parents, school, government and environment. Many students lack interest in offering accounting courses. In this regard, they often complained that the subject is too difficult. Even to balance the cash book, trial balance etc is a very big problem. Though, many students prefer to offer commercial subjects without accounting. Hence, accounting requires further professional examinations for one to be designated as an accountant.

Despite the relative importance of Accounting, it is very disappointing to note that the student’s performance in the subject in both internal and external examinations has remained consistently poor (Bolaji, 2005). Accounting educators have put up noble and spirited efforts aimed at identifying the major problems associated with learning of Accounting in the nation’s schools. Despite all these noble efforts, the problem of poor achievement in Accounting has continued to rear its head in the nation’s public examinations and Accounting is part of it.

Adesokan (2002) asserted that in spite of the recognition given Accounting, it is evident that students still show negative attitude towards Accounting thereby leading to poor performance. Bolaji (2005) in a study of the influence of students’ attitude towards Accounting found out that the teachers’ method of Accounting teaching and his personality greatly accounted for the students’ positive attitude towards Accounting.

1.3 Aims and Objectives of the study

This research work seeks to study determinant of the choice of accounting as a subject among the senior secondary school students and the objectives of this study include to:

Examine the influence of classroom environment on students’ attitudes towards Accounting.
Examine the effect of teachers’ personality and behavior on students’ attitudes towards Accounting.
Ascertain the effect of gender differences on students’ attitudes towards Accounting
Examine the effect of social background on students’ attitudes towards the learning of Accounting

1.4 Relevant Research Questions

The study provides answers to the following questions:

How does classroom environment and students learning style influence on students’ attitudes towards Accounting?
What are the effect of teachers’ personality and behavior on students attitude towards Accounting?
How does gender differences affect students’ attitudes towards Accounting?
How does social background influence students’ attitudes towards the learning of Accounting?

1.5 Relevant Research Hypothesis

The following hypothesis were developed for the study:

H_o: There is no significant relationship between the attitude of students and the learning of Accounting.

H₁: There is significant relationship between the attitude of students and the learning of Accounting.

1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The work examines determinant of the choice of accounting as a subject among the senior secondary school students. The study is limited to the five selected schools in Yaba Local Government Area in Lagos State.

1.7 Significance of the Study

The significance of the study are stated below:

The school administrators may use findings from the study to understand the prime factors affecting students’ attitudes toward learning of Accounting in secondary school. Also aid teachers to identify deficiencies and limitations as regards the teaching and learning of Accounting and make necessary adjustment where necessary. Again, the study enables secondary school principals to be able to plan systematically for staff retention that enhance students’ attitude towards the learning of Accounting. Other stakeholders of education (parents, students, teachers, support staff, donors) use the findings of the study as a checkpoint to happenings of the same nature. Finally, the study alerts the students on both positive and negative effects of attitude and perception towards Accounting at the present level and future career.

1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

Accounting: Accounting is the process of creating financial statements based on the company’s financial information. Also, financial Accounting is used by internal or external business stakeholders for making business or investment decisions.

Attitude: A predisposition or a tendency to respond positively or negatively towards a certain idea, object, person, or situation.

Classroom: A room or place especially in a school in which classes are conducted.

Environment: Environment (systems), the surroundings of a physical system that may interact with the system by exchanging mass, energy, or other properties.

Influence: Influence is the action or process of producing effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of another or others.

Student: A person formally engaged in learning, especially one enrolled in a school or college; pupil

Learning: Learning is defined as “a consistent pattern of behavior and performance by which an individual approaches educational experiences, it also a ways of perceiving, conceptualizing, and problem-solving. It is also referred way of interacting with and responding to the environment.

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Project Topic – DETERMINANT OF THE CHOICE OF ACCOUNTING AS A SUBJECT AMONG THE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

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